In overall, I agree with both Otkin and Elemtilas. You can indeed avoid most issues of this kind by ensuring you asked the question in the most understandable manner you can, then solving it if this still happens. I'll go more on the practical tips for each of the two category.
Before posting
Ensure the correct terminology is used for the theme
Reach out for your favorite dictionary (or translation dictionary) and check that the words used are the ones that should be used in English. It's especially true when you're not an English native, but it also applies as soon as you work in more specialized domains, where technical, accurate words (e.g. : imago) take over the vernacular, blurry ones (butterfly }i{ ).
There are as many good sources for that as there are bad ones. I personally like wiktionary along with wikipedia as it's open to everyone and you can get a deeper explanation of what it is (most pages on wikipedia start with "X is something"), but there are many others. If you have troubles with one word or in general are not good in English (when English is not your native tongue), check the most important words of your question on two different dictionaries/websites.
Check you wrote the same question as your title
A lot of people don't write the same question as in their title, which leads to confusion. My advice to be sure to have people understand and focused is to copy-paste the question in title at some point, and put it in bold (for example, but I use this a lot on my questions).
In that regard, I also advise to write titles in an interrogative form when possible, not just a thematic of three or four words. It's because those three or four words doesn't necessarily strike a direction the topic should take. For instance : "Anatomy of a bagleaf". Are we asking about "how the bagleaf anatomy came to be", or about "how this specific bodypart of the bagleaf will work with others"? Same theme, but different questions and different answers :)!
Read your question thrice to thrive
It's really simple, when you're done writing, read your question again first to check for spelling issues, but also a new time to check if all key parts are there. It doesn't take much time but gives a lot of results.
Sandbox!
Extending from the previous paragraph, here's a tool to confront your question without being embarrassed by the weight WB:SE edition procedures. And this one is the sandbox, here on meta.
It's rarely used (as of now), but it's quite efficient, especially for the cases people didn't get your meaning. If time is of an issue for you, just recall you are not forced to get the approval of 10 members of the "council of sandbox approbation" with 248-rules trials. It's just a way to measure how well your question will be received (number of votes and comprehension) and receive external opinions to improve the end result. Plus, people will be a lot less harsh in their feedback : It's not nice (and useless) to smash an ugly duckling question which has not even grown up publicly, after all!
After posting
Now you've written your question, all happy about it and how well it's written. But suddenly, the smile drops as one person thought "the wrong way". What to do?
Analyze the situation and give feedback
When there's a communication problem, you always need to look at the two entities -emitter and receiver- in order to check where the message distorted. To do that, clear up any confusion through a comment reexplaining shortly what you were asking. Don't repeat the same exact words as in your question, as it might be perceived the same way on the receiving side. Slightly alter it to make it "click!" inside the other's mind and see the quiproquo.
If the point that is the source of misunderstanding is not clear to you, then simply ask why they thought of answering on this topic rather than yours. Or more exactly, what part of your question made them answer this.
Choosing whether or not to edit the question
After this has been discussed, choose whether to edit the question or not. I'd advise more often to edit the question than not, since if one person misunderstood you, others might. The only case I might not change the question is when the answerer told they skipped a part of the question.
There's basically two ways to clarify your question : If it's about a misuse of one or two words or if many people are all the way off the board, you can change directly the question's content. If it's more on the middle ground of misunderstanding or you need to explain the use of a specific word, you might add either an addendum or a footnote (with the top number1).
1 : Like this one :p. For instance, I used this for this question (revision of 24th April 2021). You can write footnote numbers by using the tags <sup>N</sup>
, with N being your number. Then it's all about italics and the horizontal rule button!